On Wednesday, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced that it would ban Red No. 3, a synthetic dye found in food and beverages, due to its cancer-causing effects in animals. The dye, which gives products like candy, cereals, fruit cocktails, and strawberry-flavoured milkshakes their bright red colour, has been linked to cancer in laboratory animals. Although the FDA banned the dye from cosmetics in 1990, it allowed its continued use in food products.

A Long-Awaited Victory for Consumer Advocates

Consumer protection groups, lawmakers, and health organizations have long pushed the FDA to revoke Red No. 3’s approval. These groups, including the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI), have argued that the dye’s use in food, particularly for children, poses serious health risks. Dr. Peter Lurie, president of CSPI, called the decision a “regulatory paradox” since the FDA banned the dye in cosmetics but allowed its use in food. Studies have linked the dye to cancer in animals and potential behavioural issues in children.

Timeline for Removal and Industry Response

The FDA has given food manufacturers until January 15, 2027, to reformulate their products to exclude Red No. 3. Companies that produce dietary supplements have an additional year to comply. Several manufacturers have already begun making the necessary changes. For instance, Ferrara, maker of Brach candy corn, started phasing out Red No. 3 in early 2023 and plans to complete the transition by 2026. Just Born, maker of Peeps marshmallow candy, removed the dye from all its products ahead of Easter 2023.

Some experts urge quicker action, pointing out that European companies, where Red No. 3 has been banned for years, already use safer alternatives like beet or pomegranate juice. California passed a law banning Red No. 3 in 2023, with an implementation date of 2027, which is likely to influence manufacturers across the U.S.

The Debate Over Food Dyes Continues

While the FDA bans Red No. 3, other artificial dyes, such as Red 40, remain legal despite concerns linking them to hyperactivity and behavioural problems in children. Some worry manufacturers might replace Red No. 3 with Red 40, which still has FDA approval.

Food safety advocates are celebrating the FDA’s decision as a step toward protecting consumers. Melanie Benesh, vice president of government affairs at the Environmental Working Group, praised the ruling and noted that many food companies already produce similar products in Europe without using the harmful dye.

With the ban set to take effect in 2027, manufacturers now have ample time to find safer, natural alternatives. Consumer groups are optimistic that this change will lead to a healthier food environment for everyone.

Source: NBC News